Improvement in mortising-machines



s. BYDBECK.

M-ortising-Machine.

Patented Feb. 12,1815.

No. l5-9,456.

was erwmmcomnbrp uwassx s-r PARK UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

SVEN RYDBEOK, OF RED WING, MINNESOTA.

IMPROVEMENT IN MORTlSlNG MACHINES.

Specification forming part of Letters PatentNo. 159,456, dated February2, 1875; application filed August 26, 1874.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, SvEN Rvnnnorgof Red Wing, in the county of Goodhueand State of Minnesota, have invented a certain Improvement inMortising-Machines, of which the following is a specification:

This invention relates to that class of mortising-machines in which anauger operates -within, and enters the'wood slightly in ad Vance of, asquare hollow chisel, both being simultaneously operated by ascrew-spindle and its object is to furnish carpenters with a hand-toolof this kind which can be, without inconvenience, carried by the workmanto and from his work, and readily applied.

My improvement consists, first, in such a construction and combinationof elements that, after a mortise has been cut by a steady screw feed ofthe auger and chisel, the nut may be disengaged from the screw-spindle,and a rackand-pinion feed brought into action, for the purpose ofrapidly withdrawing the tools from the mortise; and, secondly, incertain novel hereinafter fully described details of construction, andthe provision of gages, determining with accuracy the position and depthof the mortises when a series is to be cut in beams, joists, sills, andthe like.

In the annexed drawings, Figure l is a vertical longitudinal section ofmy improved hand mortising-machine. Fig. 2 is a side elevation of thesame. Figs. 3 to 5 are detail views, hereinafter more especially alludedto.

The same letters of reference are used in all the figures in thedesignation ofidentical parts.

The various elements of the machine are mounted upon, and act inconjunction with, the frame or stand A, which is provided with verticalguides for the reception of the square hollow chisel B, which, moving upand down between such guides, passes through a correspondin g squareaperture in the base-plate A of the stand. The auger (J is fitted withinthe hollow chisel, its shank projecting through the head of the latter,and both are connected to the screw-spindle D in the following manner:The foot of the spindle consists of an enlarged socketed collar, towhich the shank of the auger, entering the socket, is firmly secured, soas to turn with the spindle. The collar of the spindle is confinedbetween the sections b and b of a head, secured together by screws, andalso, by the same screws, firmly united to the top of the chisel, sothat the end motion of'the screw-spindle will carry the chisel alongwith it. The auger protrudes a little from the hollow chisel, so as tocut a little in advance thereof. At its upper end the screw-spindlecarries a cross-head, E, guided on vertical guide-rods E E as it movesup and down with the spindle. This frame or cross-head supports thedriving-shaft F, which imparts rotary motion tothe spindle by means ofthe bevel-gearing F D, and is itself turned by winches F fastened to itsoverhung ends. The nut in which the screw-spindle turns is composed oftwo sections, G and G, hinged at one end to one of the guide-rods E, andembraced at the other end by the yoke H, which is capable of eitherclosing or opening the two sections of the nut. To this end its upperportion has a contracted opening, by which the sections of the nut areclosed to cause its threads to engage those of the screw-spindle, whileits enlarged opening at the lower end is provided .with anupwardlyprojecting wedge, H to enter between and force apart thesections of the nut. The interior surface of the yoke at the junction ofthe enlarged and contracted openings is suitably curved, as at h h, toact like inclines on the sections of the nut in closing them. The yokeis connected, by a rod or pitman, H to a lever, H by which it may bereadily operated when required. The yoke slides in ways formed inprojecting lugs to a of the frame.

During the descent of the auger and chisel that is, while a mortise isbeing cut-the nut remains closed on the screw-spindle; but, in order torapidly withdraw the tools from the mortise, the nut is disengaged fromthe spindle by opening its sections, which leaves the spindle and itsconnections in condition to be lifted without turning. To accomplishthis lifting with expedition and ease I provide the shaft F with aspur-wheel, I, capable of engaging a vertical rack, I. The latter iserected on the frame A, within the cross-head E, resting in theelongated bearing a By means of a handle, 6, it can be turned in itsbearing to be either thrown in gear or out of gear with the spur-wheel Iand by a set-screw, 4;, it can be held'in either position. By thisrackand-pinion feed a rapid up-and-down motion may be given to the toolsto clean the sides of the mortise by the chisel.

Graduated gage-rods K, with downwardlyprojecting arms k, are placed intransverse bearings a of the frame, near the base-plate A, by means ofwhich the tool can be accurately adjusted on the stuff to be mortised,so

far as the distance of the mortise from the r of mortises can beregulated by the gage-rod M, which can be hooked to a projection orstud, a of the base-plate A, and carries an adjustable slide, M, clampedthereto by a thumb-screw, m, passing through the elongated slot m in therod. The distance between the several mortises having been determined,the slide M is so adjusted that, when it is brought up against the edgeof the mortise next adjacent to the one to be out, the tool will be inproper position for such next mortise.

The machine is secured to the stufl to be mortised by a suitable clamp,such a one as described in a patent of even date with this beingpreferred for that purpose.

What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent,is-

1. The combination of the screw-spindle D, sectional pivoted nut G G,and adjustable yoke H h h H substantially as and for the purposespecified.

2. The combination of the screw-spindle D, sectional pivoted nut G G,adj ustable yoke H h 71. H shaft F, gearing F D, spur-wheel I, andadjustable rack I, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

3. The combination of the screw-spindle D, auger O, rigidly securedthereto, chisel D, and parts I) and b, all united substantially asspecified.

4. The frame A and chisel and auger, in combination with the gage-rods K70 7c, the heads 70 of which project downward to below the base A of themachine, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

5. The frame A and chisel and anger, in combination with the gage-rod M,slotted at m, and carrying an adjustable slide, M m, substantially asand for the purpose specified.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to the foregoingspecification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

Witnesses: SVEN RYDBEGK.

J. 0. MGGLURE, OLOF PETERSON.

